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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental health conditions which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are various types of medication available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) comprising citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs are also used to treat depression and alleviate symptoms of anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month to begin to work.

These drugs work by boosting the amount of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. They're usually the first treatment option for anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants as well as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They work a little differently from SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines may take some time to start taking effect, and they also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil) are effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However, their drowsiness and other adverse reactions make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant used to combat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These drugs can lead to dependence to tolerance, sedation, and dependence, as well as withdrawal symptoms such a rebound anxiety, depression and delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is a vital part of any anxiety treatment plan. It aids you in better know your symptoms and their causes. Many people find that medication and therapy help them to cope. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as medications for anxiety. Talk to your doctor to find out what's best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming affect they reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also ease symptoms of bodily stimulation related to fear (like heart racing or trembling), and promote sleep.

The way they function is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acids or GABA and interacting with receptors in the central nervous system. They boost the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and by reducing the volume of messages sent to the amygdala. This is a region of the brain that is able to detect threats and creates a sense of anxiety.

These medicines are often used for short periods like an attack of panic or a severe anxiety episode. They can help ease the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs do not stay in the body for long. They're fast-acting and can be effective in a matter of hours. This makes them ideal for situations in which immediate relief is needed (such as during an airplane ride or prior to presenting in public).

They can be addictive, so people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at one time. After that time they become less effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have fewer negative effects compared to predecessors such as barbiturates and meprobamate. They are safe and have a rapid onset and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce how anxiety is treated. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the stigmatization of anxiety and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play a significant role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when used in conjunction with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects, such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is important to inform your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medicines you are contemplating or are taking. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to determine which medications are safe with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating separation anxiety treatment and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants for other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain kinds of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, however these drugs may not be appropriate for all people. If they aren't working doctors can consider a different type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline and Clomipramine. These antidepressants are less common but are still available. You can ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant, trazodone(Desyrel) at lower doses in case you are experiencing sleep issues or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine can also be helpful. They are also available in generic forms. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Other medications for anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the action of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety alone however they can be effective when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to alter negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can teach you to manage your anxiety and teach you coping skills. Depending on the severity of your condition, exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to challenge fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your fear of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-provoking situations until you are able to manage them. It can be performed in a group or individually. In both cases, it takes time to show results. A combination of medication and psychological therapy is the best choice for some individuals. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how can i treat anxiety without medication you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

Other drugs can also help alleviate your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These medications can help alleviate your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You'll still need to do other things to manage your anxiety, including exercises as well as relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

The SSRIs or SNRIs are often the first choice of anxiety medication that your doctor might prescribe. According to research, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These medications can cause mild side effects like insomnia and nausea, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, and dependence. They're less well-known over the more traditional barbiturates but are just as effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally created to treat allergies. However they also serve to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine block histamine receptors within the brain, and can trigger an energizing effect. It is not a controlled drug, so it does not carry the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are an additional type of medication which can help with anxiety. They have been found to decrease anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine as well as sérotonin. They may be prescribed in conjunction with other medicines or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your symptoms and health history to determine whether these medications are suitable for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should be taking them and any possible negative side effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, which means that a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.