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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most common mental health problems that affects 40 million adults in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They're not addictive, as are benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs are also used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month before they start working.

They work by increasing the production of certain chemical messengers within the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, though doctors may prescribe other forms of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine receptor inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, but at a lower level than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to be effective and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine Tofranil, can be effective for treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, along with other adverse effects are what make them less well-liked. Another type of antidepressant, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are also able to be used to combat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and the high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause dependence to tolerance, sedation, and dependence, as well as withdrawal symptoms like a rebound anxiety, depression and delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) and Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential part of any anxiety treatment plan. It aids you in better understand your symptoms and their root causes. Many people discover that both therapy and medication aid to manage anxiety. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as anxiety medications. Speak to your doctor to find out what's best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tight. They also alleviate symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart rate and trembling) and encourage sleep.

The way they work is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutryic acid or GABA, at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by facilitating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the number of messages that are sent to the amygdala. which is the brain's region which detects threats and gives the sensation of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations, such as when a panic attack occurs or when you experience severe anxiety. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body long. They're fast-acting and can be effective in a matter of hours. This makes them perfect for situations where quick relief is required (such for instance, on an airplane or before a presentation in public).

They are addictive, which is why it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to 4 weeks at a time. After that period they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are safe and have fewer adverse effects when compared to their predecessors such as barbiturates and meprobamate. They are fast in the onset of action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants as well as as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that developed during the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder, as well as the perception that benzodiazepine therapies can lead to physical dependence. Yet the fact that benzodiazepines play a crucial role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when they are combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications, causing undesirable side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is essential to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're currently taking or thinking about taking. Check the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to determine which medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants to treat other conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first-line treatment for anxiety, but these medications might not be appropriate for everyone. If the antidepressants do not work, the doctor may try an older version known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline and Clomipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but are still accessible. You can ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel), at lower doses in case you are having sleep problems or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be beneficial. These medications are also available in generic form. If they don't work, your doctor might suggest a antidepressant that is sedating, mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by preventing the action of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety alone, but they can be effective when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you change negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can help you learn to control your anxiety, and build coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, you may undergo exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to overcome unhelpful and fearful thoughts, and to overcome your aversion to situations that trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the level of anxiety provoking situations until they become manageable. It can be performed in a group or individually. In both instances it takes time to demonstrate results. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for certain people. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Tell your doctor how to treat anxiety without medication you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other medications can also help alleviate your symptoms. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to ease anxiety.

These medications can help reduce your symptoms, by reducing or blocking signals that cause stress and fear. But, they're not the only solution. You'll need to continue doing other things to reduce anxiety, such as exercises as well as relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor might first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective medications to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. Common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, however they typically disappear within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. They're a less popular choice than the older barbiturates, but are just as effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally developed to relieve allergies. However, they are also used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine has a calming effect because it blocks histamine receptors. It's not a controlled drug, so it doesn't have the same risks of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can aid with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They have been shown to ease anxiety by interfering with the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. They can be prescribed in combination with other medicines or as a short-term treatment for anxiety attacks for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your medical history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are appropriate for you. They'll also talk about how treat anxiety And depression long you should be taking them and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, which means you'll have to see a psychiatrist before you can get them.